Knowledge Base

Imagine having a digital system that can read, write, and engage in conversation with language almost as naturally as a human. This is the power behind Large Language Models (LLMs). These advanced AI models are already reshaping how businesses handle content, streamline communication, and interact with their customers. Whether you’re […]

Every time you browse the web, send an email, or use an online service, the Domain Name System — better known as DNS — works silently in the background to make it all possible. Often described as the internet’s phonebook, it plays a central role in translating the easy-to-remember website […]

Click fraud continues to undermine the digital advertising landscape, siphoning billions from marketing budgets through deceptive and illegitimate ad interactions. As businesses increasingly rely on pay-per-click (PPC) advertising to attract customers and drive growth, fraudulent actors — including bots, click farms, and unethical competitors — exploit these systems by generating […]

Within cybersecurity circles, the term “Fullz” has become shorthand for one of the most potent tools in the arsenal of cybercriminals. Often encountered in connection with data breaches or dark web transactions, Fullz refers to full identity profiles that allow fraudsters to impersonate victims with alarming accuracy. For professionals managing […]

The word “hacker” has become a household term, yet it remains one of the most misunderstood in the tech world. For many, it evokes dramatic imagery: someone hunched over a keyboard, hood up, lines of code racing across a screen as they break into a secure network. This portrayal, though […]

The 2025 Bad Bot Report reveals that malicious automated traffic now dominates the internet, accounting for 37% of all activity. This article breaks down key findings, highlights evolving bot tactics powered by AI, and outlines essential strategies for businesses to protect their websites from scraping, fraud, account takeovers, and other automated threats.

You’ve just launched a limited-edition product. Within seconds, your stock vanishes — not into the hands of eager customers, but into digital shopping carts controlled by unseen scripts. This isn’t a glitch or a surprise surge in demand. It’s the work of sneaker bots. These specialised programs are designed to […]

When you operate a website, seeing a visit from Googlebot is usually a good sign. Google’s official web crawler is responsible for indexing your site so that it can appear in search engine results. The more frequently your site is crawled, the quicker your content updates can appear in Google […]

Data is more than just information — it’s an asset. It powers marketing campaigns, secures customer relationships, fuels decision-making and represents trust between users and businesses. But just as data has become more valuable, so have the threats to its security. Among the most serious of these threats is data […]

Every email you send, video call you make or website you load involves a complex sequence of data exchanges between systems. While much of this happens invisibly, there’s a model that helps explain how it all works: the OSI model. Short for Open Systems Interconnection, the OSI model is a […]